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LONDON (Reuters) – The British public’s expectations for inflation in five years’ time have jumped to their highest in more than a decade, Bank of England data showed on Friday, in a possible sign of concern about the economic outlook after Brexit.

FILE PHOTO: People are seen outside the Bank of England in London, Britain, April 4, 2019. REUTERS/Alkis Konstantinidis/File Photo

The public’s average long-run inflation forecast rose to 3.8% in May from 3.4% in February, a quarterly survey by the BoE showed, the highest since it first asked the question in early 2009.

Short-run inflation expectations for the next 12 months edged down to 3.1% from a five-year high of 3.2% in February, but are well above the BoE’s target of 2% for consumer prices.

The BoE keeps a close eye on price expectations among the general public and in financial markets, as some economic models suggest beliefs about future inflation play a major role in influencing wage demands and businesses’ pricing decisions.

British inflation-linked government bonds priced in an average rate of retail price inflation (RPI) of 3.449% for the next 10 years at Thursday’s market close, the highest rate since at least 2010.

Fixed income strategists have said this rise reflects concern that a disorderly departure from the European Union will cause sterling to slide, pushing up inflation.

“This may well have had an upward impact on (public) inflation expectations further out,” said Howard Archer, chief economist at consultants EY ITEM Club.

The BoE has also warned that Brexit risks making Britain’s economy more prone to inflation over the medium term, due to damage to supply chains and shortages of workers from abroad.

The jump in the BoE survey, which polled 2,150 people between May 3 and May 7, contrasts with a more steady picture in a monthly survey of long-term inflation expectations by U.S. bank Citi and pollsters YouGov, which held at 3.2% in May.

The BoE survey asks about “prices in the shops generally” and does not specify a particular measure of inflation or look at reasons for respondents’ views on inflation.

Consumer price inflation, the measure targeted by the BoE, picked up to 2.1% in April while RPI – an older measure which most statisticians view as flawed – rose to 3.0%.

Almost half of people surveyed for the BoE said they expected it to raise interest rates over the coming year, up a fraction from February.

BoE Governor Mark Carney has repeatedly said the central bank will need to raise interest rates gradually if Brexit goes smoothly, but financial markets currently price in a greater chance of a cut than a hike over the next 12 months.

Reporting by David Milliken; Editing by Alistair Smout and Andrew Cawthorne

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