HONG KONG/LONDON (Reuters) – HSBC Holdings Plc (HSBA.L) and Standard Chartered Plc (STAN.L) are set to show early signs of strain from anti-government protests in Hong Kong, the single-biggest profit centre for the two banks, when they report quarterly earnings next week.

Five months of political turmoil in the Chinese-ruled territory are set to weigh on the two London-headquartered lenders’ credit growth and asset quality in the near to medium term, people with knowledge of the matter said.

HSBC will report its third-quarter earnings on Monday, and StanChart on Wednesday.

Hong Kong accounted for 52% of HSBC’s profit before tax in the first-half of this year, while it brought in a third of StanChart’s income in the same period, as per the banks’ financial filings.

The two, which were already facing uncertainty created by the bruising U.S.-China trade war, lower interest rates and Brexit, flagged the potential risks posed by the protests in their half-yearly earnings reports published in August.

Both have now started seeing the impact of the protests on their retail and commercial banking businesses in the last couple of months, albeit in a small way, said the people with knowledge of the matter, declining to be named as they were not authorised to speak to the media.

The retail banking business of the lenders are set to take a hit from sluggish demand for wealth management products, mainly insurance, due to a sharp drop in mainland visitors who are big buyers of foreign currency-denominated products, they said.

With the city’s all important tourism and retail sectors hit by the protests and many businesses forced to close, the banks’ commercial banking revenues are also expected to see a slowdown in growth in the medium-term, the people said.

“Even credit card transactions, which are a decent source of fee income, are down 15% to 30% across major banks here in the last two months as all major retail markets are closed on most weekends,” said one of the people.

“The bigger worry is the asset quality, which probably will kick in with a lag of couple of quarters and as bankruptcy filings rise.”

Bankruptcy petitions presented by debtors in Hong Kong rose by nearly a fifth in the September quarter of this year to 1,945 from the same period a year earlier, according to government data.

Two separate persons close to the lenders, however, said it might be too early for the disruption to have had a material impact on the banks’ overall earnings.

The banks, along with the government, are also rolling out supporting measures for the small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in a bid to lighten the burden of the protests on the wider corporate sector and the economy.

“HSBC was the first bank to announce measures … to support SMEs in Hong Kong,” the bank said, referring to initiatives including six-month interest rebate on loans under two government SME loan schemes announced in August.

HSBC did not comment on the impact to earnings from the measures. StanChart, which is also among banks in Hong Kong that have unveiled such initiatives, declined to comment.

HSBC is expected to post a drop of 11% in its third-quarter pre-tax profit to $5.3 billion, according to average analysts’ estimates compiled by the bank. StanChart’s quarterly profit forecast was not yet available.

‘STRESS TESTS’

Hong Kong is facing its first recession in a decade as increasingly violent protests continue.

Underscoring concerns about the outlook for corporate profits, both HSBC and StanChart have started conducting “stress tests” on some of their local clients, the people said.

“Given the huge importance of the Hong Kong market to HSBC’s profitability, should the current protests continue, it will inevitably drag on earnings,” said Ali Miremadi, investment director at GAM, who currently does not hold the lender’s stock.

The protests have also resulted in global banks, especially HSBC, given its large presence in China and Hong Kong, having to undertake a delicate balancing act as a result of heightened scrutiny of their stances on the unrest.

Internally, senior managers at HSBC have been informally told to be very sensitive in talking about or dealing with the team on issues related to the protests, people with knowledge of the matter said.

Beijing has long used different methods to punish foreign corporations that offend it.

“HSBC has absolutely no option but to go along with the government. Anything different would risk their licence to operate. Just look at what has happened to the NBA after a single tweet,” Miremadi of GAM said.

The National Basketball Association (NBA) was plunged into controversy earlier this month after Houston Rockets General Manager Daryl Morey tweeted his support for Hong Kong’s pro-democracy demonstrators.

The incident has already cost the league substantial financial losses in China, a market worth an estimated $4 billion for the league.